Mormugao is a sub-district and a municipal council in South Goa district in the Indian state of Goa. Mormugao Municipal Council has total administration over 21,524 houses to which it supplies basic amenities like water and sewerage. It is also authorize to build roads within Municipal Council limits and impose taxes on properties coming under its jurisdiction. Out of total population, 36,929 were engaged in work or business activity. Of this 28,739 were males while 8,190 were females. In census survey, worker is defined as person who does business, job, service, and cultivator and labour activity. Of the total 36929 working population, 87.22 % were engaged in the primary sector while 12.78 % of total workers were engaged in Marginal Work. Mormugao Port Trust (MPT) is a port on the western coast of India, in the coastal state of Goa. Commissioned in 1885 on the site of a natural harbor, it is one of Indias oldest ports.The port employs around 2,600 employees and has about 4,000 pensioners. The Mormugao port handled 31.69 million tonnes of cargo last year, which was 39% of Indias total iron ore exports. Fishing employs about 40,000 people in the state, though recent official figures indicate a decline of the importance of this sector and also a fall in catch, due perhaps, to traditional fishing giving way to large-scale mechanized trawling. Medium scale industries of the area include the manufacturing of pesticides, fertilizers, tires, tubes, footwear, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, wheat products, steel rolling, fruits and fish canning, cashew nuts, textiles, brewery products. Tourism is generally focused on the coastal areas of Goa, with decreased tourist activity inland. In 2010, there were more than 2 million tourists reported to have visited Goa, about 1.2 million of whom were from abroad. Most of the soil cover in the area is made up of laterites rich in ferric-aluminum oxides and reddish in color. Further inland and along the riverbanks, the soil is mostly alluvial and loamy. The soil is rich in minerals and humus, thus conducive to agriculture. The sultans of Bijapur, who had ruled Goa before the Portuguese, did not give up easily. There were several invasions. From the sea came the Dutch, who eventually took over from the Portuguese most of the coastal settlements: the Moluccas, Batticaloa, Trincomali, Galle, Malacca, Manar, Jaffna, Quilon, Cochin and Cannanore. From 1640 to 1643, the Dutch tried their best to capture Mormugão but were finally driven away.
